Ultrasound has been a part of clinical practice since sometime back in the 1950's, and remains a popular and evidenced intervention for a range of clinical problems. Shah and Farrow (2012) provide an insight into its current clinical popularity as does the widely cited paper by Pope et al (1995). General (textbook) reviews and explanations can be found in Watson and Young (2008) and Robertson et al (2006) amongst others. There are myriad therapy ultrasound machines available, from the small, portable devices, through to the multimodal machines which include ultrasound as one of the available options, examples are illustrated below. ULTRASOUND ENERGY Ultrasound (US) is a form of MECHANICAL energy, not electrical energy and therefore strictly speaking, not really electrotherapy at all but does fall into the Electro Physical Agents grouping. Mechanical vibration at increasing frequencies is known as sound energy. The normal human sound range is from 16Hz to something approa